Improvement in machines for making rivets



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. BRAY.

MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS. No.188,772, Patented March 27,1877.

NPEYERS PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON. D CA 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. BRAY. MACHINE 'FOR MAKING RIVETS.

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ma /w N.PETERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D G.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3. M. BRAY.

MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS. No.188,772. Patente-,d March 27,1877.

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l web 7%7! WV N. PETERS. PNOTD-LITHGGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C UNITED STATES PATENT rr IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING RIVETS.

Specification foriningpart of Letters Patent No. 188,772, dated March 27, 1877; application tiled October 2, 1876.

17o all 'whom it may concern:

l Be it known that I, MELLEN BRAY, of Newton, in the countyfoi' Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements v in Machines for Making. Rivets, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, lis a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for making solid rivets,.and especially to the arrangement and mode of operating the feeding, cntting, and heading devices; and it consists, tirst, in the use, in combination' with a tixed or stationary annular cutting-die, through which the wire from which the rivets are to be made is fed, ot' a movable annular die mounted in a carrier, to which is imparted an. intermittent reciprocating motion inl such a manner that the-first movement of said Amovable die shall sever a blank from the end of the wire and convey it, still retained in the die, into a position between the heading-tools, where it remains in a state ofrest-till the heading-tools have acted thereon,.and then, by a further movement in the same directiong said die carries the headed rivet to a position in front of vthe discharge-plunger, which forces the rivet from the die while said die is in a state of rest, and then the die is returned byv a single movement to its trst position, in line with the stationary cutting-die, ready to receive the wire iromwhich, by the next forward movement of the movable die, is to be cut another blank, to form the next rivet.'

My invention further consists in theicombination, with a stationary cutting-die, and a movable annular die mounted ina carrier,-

adapted to he intermittently moved into three different positions in succession, and remain in a state of rest' for a limited time in each of said three positions, to permit the feedingot' the wire into said die, the heading ot' the rivet therein, and the discharge of the rivet therefrom, respectively, otthree annular hardened- `steel bushings, set at suitable.` intervals in said die-cal'rier, and having the mouths of the openings therein made conical or tapering outward, and a single register-pin, having` its `front end 'correspondingly tapered, and adaptedto be reciprocated intermittently, in a line at right angles to the motion of the die-carrier, and to enter in succession each ot' said bushings, for the purpose of correcting any inequalities in the movement of the die-carrier, caused bythe springof the parts-or wear of the joints, and thus cause a correct register of the movable annular die relative to the several tools co-operating therewith in the three different positions.

My invention further consists in the combination ot n annular die, mounted in a carrier adapted to be mbved, intermittently, into three different positions in succession, and LeQ*n main in a state of rest for a limited time in each of said positions, and a cross-head or slide, adapted to be reciprocated intermittently in a line at right angles to the motion of the diecarrier, and carrying in its i'ron-t end a gage-pin, to determine the length of blank to be cut from the wire, a register-pin, to correct the position of the die, and a headinghammer or swage-die.

My invention further consists in the combination of an annular die, mounted in a carrier adapted to be intermittently moved into three different positions in succession` and remain in a state ot" rest for a limited time in each of said positions, and a pair oi' crossheads or slides, one upon each side ot' said diecarrier, and adapted to be intermittently reciprocated toward and from said die carrier, one of said cross-heads having` set in its front end a gage-pin, a register-pin, and a heading or swage die, and the other having set in its front end a locating-plunger, in line with the heading die, and adapted to enter the annular die and force the blank partially out of said die into position to be acted upon by the heading-die, and a disch arge-plunger, adapted to enter the annular die when moved to its third position, and force therefrom the tinished rivet. i

My invention further consists in the combination of a die-carrier or slide titted to move in a right line upon a dovetailed or equivalent bearing, a cam having three throws-t'. c., two rises and one fall-arranged about equidistant from each other, with a stand-still or concentric portion between each two throws, and a cam-lever connected to said die-carrier, and adapted to impart thereto a motion corresponding` to the throws oi' said cam.

My invention further consists in the combination of a reciprocating cross-head or sliding plunger, carrying in its front end a registerpin and a heading-die, a pair of toggle-links, jointed together and connected at one end t0 said cross-head, and at the other to a tixed portion ofthe frame; a revolving cam having six throws-t. e., three rises and three falls-said rises being arranged about equidistant from each other, with a stand-still or concentric portion between the base of each rise and the base ofthe preceding fall; and a sliding or reciprocating plunger provided with a cam-truck at its lower end, and connected at its upper end with the central joint of the toggle, all so arranged that an intermittent reciprocating motion is imparted to said crosshead, and power sufficient is exerted to head the rivet with ease.

My invention further consists in connecting the stationary or fulcrum end of the togglejoint, for operating the heading and discharge cross-heads, to the bed or table of the machine by means of central bolt, having a forked head at one end, to receive the toggle-link, and a binding-nut and screw-thread at the other end, in combination witha sleeve or tubular bolt, adapted to inclose the shank of said forked bolt, and of a length sufeient to cover said forked bolt between its forked head and the binding-nut, said tubular bolt being provided at one end with a hexagonal or other prismatic-shaped section, to which a wrench may be applied, and the remaining portion of its exterior surface having formed thereon a screw-thread to 't a corresponding female screw-thread or nut formed in a portion of the bed or table, or a block of metal secured thereto.

My invention further consists in the combination of a reciprocating cross-head or slide, carrying in its front end a locating-pin to force the blank partially out of the die preparatory to the rivet being headed, and a dischargeplunger to force the headed rivet from the die; a pair of toggle-links, pivoted together and connected at one end to said cross-head, and at the other end to the bed or table of the machine; arotating cam havingr four throwsi. e., two rises and two falls, of equal heightthe bases of said rises being distant from each about one hundred and twenty degrees in one direction, or about two hundred and forty degrees in the other, with a stand-still between the base of each rise and the preceding fall; and a reciprocating plunger. arranged in a position radial to the axis ot' motion of said cam, and provided at its lower end with a truck or stud, t0 be acted upon by said cam,

and connected at its upper end to the central joint of said toggle, in such a manner that the reciprocatien of the radial plunger will cause an alternate straightening and bending of the togglejoint, and thereby cause a reciprocating motion of the cross-head with suiiicient force to force the rivet from the die after it has been swaged therein by the action of the heading-tools.

My invention further consists in the combination of a sliding plate, having upon one side of its upper surface a raised rib, to serve as a fixed jaw, a pawl or movable jaw pivoted to the upper surface of said1 sliding plate, a lever mounted upon a suitable fulcrum-pin, and connected at one end to said pawl or movable jaw, in such a manner that a movement of the end of said lever in the direction of the motion to be imparted to the sliding plate will cause said pawl to be oscillated about its fulcrum-pin till its toe or point engages with the raised lip or stationary jaw, or a wire interposed between the two jaws, when the slide will be moved forward, and acam for imparting to said lever a single vibration in each direction at each revolution of the cam-shaft.

M v invention further consists in the use, in combination with the feed devices described in the last paragraph, of a tixed jaw and a movable jaw, operated by a spring, and adapted to press against the wire and hold it from being drawn back when the feed devices are moved back to take a new hold upon the wire for the next forward movement.

My invention further consists in the combination of a sliding feed-plate, carrying a tixed and a pivoted jaw to gripe the wire, a vibrating lever, an open side or face cam, adapted to move said lever in one direction, a spring for moving it in the opposite direction, and a screw stop-bolt, adapted to limit and vary the distance to which the feed-jaws can be moved back, and thereby determining the length of the blank to be cut from the wire at each operation of the cuttingdies.

My invention further consists in the use, in combination with a fixed or stationary bar, having set therein a stationary annular die and an intermittently-reciprocating die-carrier, of an adjustable block or abutment, bearing upon one side against the face of the movable die-carrier opposite the face of the die which does the cutting, and its opposite side, which is beveled or slightly Wedge-shaped, bears against a correspondingly-beveled surface of the casting of the bed or table, said abutment being secured in place by a screwbolt passing through an oblong slot in said abutment and tapped into the table below, all so arranged as to resist the tendency of the dies to separate in the direction in which the wire is fed-caused by the dies becoming dulled and the resistance presented by the wire-said abutment being adjusted by moving horizontally toward the center of the machine, to compensate for the wear of the parts.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a stationary cutting-die, a movable annular die, and an intermittently-operating feeding device, of a gage-pin, so mounted in an intermittently-recprocating cross-head that it may be adjusted to project a greater or less distance therefrom, so that its end may approach within a greater or less-distance of the cutting-faces of the' dies at each advance of said gage-pin, according as a long or short rivet is being made.

My inventionfurther consists in the use, in combination with the intermittently-reciprocating die-carrier, and the discharge-plunger for forcing the rivet from the die, of a knockoif plunger, having a reciprocatingmotionimparted thereto in a direction at right angles to the motion of the discharge-plunger, as will be further described.

My invention further consists in .the use, in combination with a solid annular die and a reciprocating swage or heading die, of a loeating-pin having a conical point located in line with said heading-die, and adapted to form in the end of the rivet-shank a conical recess.

My invention further consists in the use, in combination with a solid annular die, in which rivets are formed from blanks in a cold state by pressure, and from which the finished vrivets are forced endwise, of an oil-tank provided with a discharge-pipe andcock for regulating the ilow of oil, all so arranged that said annular die and the rivet-blank shall be lubrioated before the heading of each rivet.

My invention-further consists in forming, inthe upper edge of the reciprocating diecarrier, a channel-way of a length somewhat greater than the movement of said carrier, the bottom of which is inclined toward the center, and communicating with a vertical oilholeextending downward into said carrier, and opening through the front face thereof, just above the annular die, in combination with a fixed oil-tank and discharge-pipe.

Figure lis a planvof my improved rivetma king machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal' vertical section on line .fr on Figs. l and 4. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on line y y on Figs. l and 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section on line z/z on Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section on line 2 2 on Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section on line 3 3 on Fig. 2,. Fig. 8 is a partial horizontal section on line 4 4 on Figs. 2 and 7. Fig. 9 is'a partial'transverse section on line 5 5 on Figs. 1 and 3. Fig'. l0 is a vertical section through die-carrier and register, bushing, and showing a portion of the register-pin in position to epnter'said bushing, drawn to an enlarged scale; and Fig. l1 is a partial section on line 6 6 on Fig. 8, also enlarged.

A is the bed of the machine, supported on the end frames B, and having cast upon its upper surface the raised boxes C and C', one at each end of said bed, and the raised ribs D D', extending from either side of each of said boxes G and C', toward Ithe center of the length of the bed, parallel to each other, as shown in Fig. l. .4 i

The end frames B Bare the tie-girts E E' and F F. Gr isthe driving-shaft, mounted. in suitable tied tog-ether by,

bearings on the end frames B B, and having mounted thereon the cams H, I, J, K, and L, and the driving-pulley M.

N is a bar of metal, secured to the upper surface of the bed A by the screw-bolts a a, said bar extending transversely of said bed, and located near the center ot' the length of the bed, and close against the inner ends of the bearings, in which the cross-head O moves, and having formed upon its opposite side the dovetailed rib N', upon which is fitted, so as to be moved endwise thereon, the die-carrier P.

The bar N has set therein the annular cutting-die b, and is provided with the holes c and d for the passage ot' the blank-locator and dischargeplnnger, as shown in Fig. 8.

rlhe die-carrierP has set therein the annular die e, adapted to cut the blank from the wire, hold it while being headed, and convey the finished rivet to the place ot' discharge, and the hardened-steel bushings .f f f, having the inner corners ot' their outer faces beveled, as shown, and adapted to engage successively with the register-pin n, to correct any ini-qualitiesin the movements of the die-carrier P, andis also provided with the holes g, h, and i, for the passage of the locating-plunger t or discharge-plunger u in the different positions of the die-carrier P, as shown in Fig. 4.

The rear end of the die-carrier P is connected by the link Q to the upper end of the cam-lever R, which is pivoted at j to the rear upper girt E', and carries at la a truck, which tits into the path lof the cam J, as shown in Fig. 4.

The path l of the cam J has three throwse., two rises and one fallarranged about equidistant from each other, about the axis of the cam, with a stand-still or concentric section between each two of said throws, all so constructed and arranged that a complete revolution of the cam J, acting upon the truck k on the lever R, will cause the die-carrier to be moved from its position with the die e in line with the fixed die b, as shown in the drawings, toward the rear ot' the machine till thedie e has cut a blank from the wire and carried it into a position in front of the swage o for forming the head, remain in a state of rest till the rivet is headed, then move in the same direction again till the die c is brought in front of the discharge-plunger u, remain in a state of rest till the rivet is discharged, and then move toward the front of the machine till the die e returns to its starting-point in lille with the die b.

lO and b are two cross-heads, arranged in the same horizontal plane, one uponeach side of the bar N, and the die-carrier P mounted thereon, and adapted to be reciprocated toward and from said bar and die-carrier.

The cross-head S has set in the end thereof toward the die-carrier the gage-pin lm., register-pin n, and the sWage-die o, for forming the head of the rivet, the gage-pin m being so fitted that it may be adjusted to any desired v position, and held in place by the set-screw p, for the purpose of varying the length of the piece of wire to be cut from the rod at each revolution of the cam-shaft.

'lo the opposite end of the cross-head S is pivoted one end of the toggle-link S1, which, in turn, is also pivoted to the connecting-rod S2 and the toggle-link S3, the opposite end of which is pivoted to the ears q2 q2, formed upon the head q1 of the bolt q, upon the outer end of which is formed a screw-thread, to which is fitted the nut g3.

A sleeve, 1', provided with a hexagonal or other prismatic-shaped head, r', and having formed upon its exterior surface a male screwthread, encompasses the bolt q, between the head q1 and the nut qa, and is screwed into the removable block T, provided at either end with the lips T', to embrace the two ends of the box C, cast upon the upper side of the bed A. The object of the sleeve fr is to 'enable the bolt q, and, through it and the connectingtoggle, the cross-head S, to be adjusted to bring the dies or plungers carried thereby into proper relative position to the die-carrier P and the die e mounted therein.

The lower end of the connecting rod or link S2 is pivoted to the upper end of the bar U, fitted to slide vertically in the bearing U', secured to the under side of the bed, as shown, and carrying at its lower end the truck s, which fits into the path sl of the cam H.

The cam H has six throwsi. e., three rises and three falls arranged with the extremes of the outward throws (which also marks the commencements of the falls) about one hundred and twenty degrees from each other, with a stand-still or concentric section between the commencement ot' each rise and the termination of the preceding fall, as shown in Fig. 5.

The cross-head O has set in its forward end the pin t, having a conical point, and designed to locate the blank in the die preparatory to forming the head, and to form a countersunk recess in the end of the rivet-shank, the axis of said pin coinciding with the axis of the heading swage-die o, and also the discharge-pin u, adapted to force the finished rivet from the die.

An intermittent reciprocating motion is imparted to the cross-head O by means of the cam I, vertically-sliding rod V, connectingrod O2, and toggle-links 0 and 03, all being constructed, arranged, Iand connected together substantially in the same manner as described in connection with the cross-head S and its operating devices7 except that the cam I has but four throws-z'. e., two rises and two fallsas shown in Fig. 6.

W is a sliding plate, provided with the raised rib or fixed jaw o, and tted to asuitable bearing in the upper surface of the bed A, in which it may be moved alternately in opposite directions in a line at right angles to the motion of the die-carrier P, and parallel with the line of movement of the cross-heads O and S.

To the upper side ofthe plate W is pivoted the movable jaw W1, having formed in its outer end the slot or perforation w, which engages with the upper end of the lever W2, pivoted at w1 to the stand X, and carrying at its lower end the truck fw", which is acted upon by the side cam K, to impart, to said lever a vibratory motion, and through it to the movable jaw a slight vibratory motion, to cause it to engage with the wire or rod from which the rivets are to be made, interposed between said movable jaw and the fixed jaw e, and force it against said fixed jaw and then, by a further motion of said lever, cause both jaws and the wire firmly griped between them to be moved forward till a sufficient length of the wire to form a rivet has entered the die e, when the reverse motion of the lever W2 first causes the movable jaw to be vibrated to release its gripe from the wire, and then moves both jaws back to the startingpoint without affecting the position of the wire, the length of the backward motion of the jaws, and consequently the length of wire fed forward at each forward motion of the jaws, being controlled and regulated by the screw-stop Y, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8.

The backward motion of the feed-jaws is caused by the spring a'.

The wire is fed forward against the resistance of the jaw bl, inclosed in the block b, and forced against the wire by the spring c', the tension of which may be regulated at will by the set-screw d', acting upon the follower e', as shown in Figs. 8 and 11, the pressure of the jaw b1 eectually holding the wire in place while the feed-jaws are being moved back, and during the process of severing the blank from the wire by the action of the cutting-dies.

A knock-oil' plunger, f', is fitted to a bearing in the block g', just above the point where the rivet is discharged from the die, and has imparted thereto, by the lever h', link i', camlever j', and cam L, a vertical reciprocating motion, so timed that the downward stroke takes place just after the rivet has been forced from the die, and disconnects the rivet from the discharge-plunger before it can be drawn back into the die by said plunger, as is liable to be the case if no provision is made to guard against it.

An adjustable tapering block, k1, is secured to the upper surface ofthe bed A, between the front end of the die-carrier P and the xed abutment l', cast upon the bed A, the face of which contiguous to said block k1 is tapered to correspond to the taper of the block, as shown in Fig. 1, said block being secured to the bed A by means of a bolt passing through the slot k2, so that said block may he adjusted endwise to take up the wear of the die-carrier and prevent the movable die from being crowded away from the fixed cutting-die, so as to injuriously affect the proper cutting of the wire.

A is an oil-tank placed above the cross head O, and provided with the discharge-pipe m and cock n', the lower end of the pipe m terminating just above the die-carrier P, so that the oil flowing therefrom will fall into the channel-way o', formed in the upper edge of said die-carrier, as shown in Fig. 1.

The channel-way o is made of a length somewhat greater than the length of movement of the diecarrier, so that in whatever position the diecarrier may be the oil from the pipe m will fall into the groove or channel-Way o.

The channel -way o is also made slightly deeper at the center of its length than atV its two ends, so that all the oil which falls into said channel-way shall ow toward the center 'and into the oil-holes', leading therefrom to the face of the die-carrier, just above the center 'of the diepe, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, partly in dotted lines.

It has been found by practical trial that it is .impracticable to head rivets cold in a solid die without the use of oil, for the reason that the metal of the rivets becomes partially welded to the die, and when the rivet is forced out ofthe die it very often takes with it a piece of the die.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of' the United States, is-

1. The combination of the fixed annular die b, the die-carrier P, having set therein the single annular die e, the lever R, connected at its movable end with the carrier P, and the cam J, having three throws, as set forth, all arranged as described, and adapted to sever a blank from the rod or wire, convey it into a position in front of the heading-plunger, remain in a state of rest till the rivet is headed, carry the nished rivet to the place of discharge, remain in a state of rest till the rivet is discharged from the die e, and then return the die e to its former position in front of the die b, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the stationary annular cutting-die b, the intermittently-reciprocatingcarrier P, having mounted therein a single annular cutting and forming die, e, and three hardened-steel bushings, f, having conical or funnel 'shaped mouths, said lbushings being distinct andseparate f'rom the cutting and `forming die, and a register-pin having a tapered point to engage with said bushings, and having a positive intermittent reciprocation imparted to it independent of the motion of the carrier, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, in a rivet-making machine, of an annular die, mounted in a carrier adapted to be moved intermittently into three different positions in succession, and remain in a state of rest for a limited time in each of said positions, and a cross-head, carrying in its front end a gage-pin, a register-pin, and a heading swage or die, and adapted to be reciprocated in a direction at right angles to the motion of the die-carrier, in such a manner that the register-pin shall engage with the carrier while it is standing still in each of its three positions, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. The combination of the annular die e, mounted in the intermittently-reciprocating carrier P, the reciprocating cross-head S, carrying in its front end the gage-pin 1n, registerpin fn., and heading-die o', and the reciprocating cross-head O, carrying in its front end a locating-plunger, t, and the discharge-plunger u, all arranged and adapted to operate as and for the purposes described.

5. The combination, in a rivet-making machine, of the cross-head S, carrying in its front end the register-pin n, and heading-swage o, the toggle-links S1 and S3, connecting-link S2, the reciprocating bar U, and cam H, all arranged and adapted to operate as and for the purposes described.

6. In combination with a pair of toggle-links, adapted to impart a reciprocating motion to the cross -head 0 or S, the bolt q, provided with the head q1, and ears q2 q2 and nut g3, and the sleeve r, provided with a hexagonal or other prismatic-shaped section at one end, and a male screw-thread fitted to, and adapted to work in, a female screw formed in a portion of the bed ot the machine, or a block of metal secured thereto, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in a rivet-making machine, of the cross-head O, carrying in its front end the locating-plunger t and discharge plunger u, toggle-links O and O3, connecting-rod O2, reciprocating bar V, and the cam I, all constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate as and for the purposes described.

8. The combination, in a rivetmaking machine, of the reciprocating plate W, provided with the raised rib or jaw c, the pivoted jaw W1, provided with the slot w, the lever W2, and cam K. all constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate substantiallyas described.

9. The combination of the plate W, provid ed with the raised rib or jaw c, the pivoted jaw W1, lever W2, cam K, the frictional pressure-jaw b1, and spring c', substantially as described.

10. The combination of the plate W, provided with the raised jaw c, the pivoted jaw W1, the lever W2, cam K, spring a', and the screwstop Y, all arranged and adapted to operate as and for the purposes described.

11. The combination of the bar N, die-carrier P, abutment l', and the wedge-block k, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes specified.

12. In combination with the dies b and e and a reciprocating gripe feeding device, for intermittently feeding the wire into the dies, the gage-pin rp., adjustably set in the automatically-reciprocating cross-head S, and adapted to approach within a greater or less distance of the cutting-surfaces of said dies, as and for the purposes described.

13. The combination of the xed annular die b, the carrier P, having; mounted therein the annular die e, and adapted to be moved in succession into three different positions, the plunger u, set in the cross -head O, arranged relatively to the carrier P and die b, as shown, and the knock-oil' plunger f, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as described.

14. The combination, in a ri vet-making machine, of the solid reciprocating' annular die e, the heading-savage o, and the conicaLpointed reciprocating plunger t, all arranged and co-operating as set forth, to locate the blank in the die, form a head upon one end of said blank, and a countersunk recess in the other end. substantially as described.

15. In combination with a solid annular die, 

